One of the main functions of skin is to act as a protective barrier. Dry skin is multifactorial and is associated with a loss of water from the stratum corneum. The skin barrier may be disrupted in the ageing older person. Emollients are substances that leave a fine occlusive layer over the skin, reducing water loss from the epidermis and helping to hydrate, soften and smooth the skin. This quick guide looks at what to consider when selecting an emollient and when to use a humectant-containing emollient to restore skin barrier function.